Writing Essays

Writing Essays To know what to look for, familiarize yourself with the library sections relevant to your topic. Library staff can direct you to valuable material. We’re asking students to give up certainties and formulae, to dive into the unknown. We’re taking away the safety of falling back on generalizations, personal experience and conventional wisdom. Evidence â€" Again pretty self-explanatory, this is the stage in your paragraph where you provide evidence to back up your Point and Explanation. Now is the time to pull out your ammunition of carefully referenced sources to support your assertions that Your Point Is Important And Valid. Rhetorical questions increase the dramatic effect of your essay, making it more interesting and engaging to keep on reading. Get to the point without being too wordy and adding too much unnecessary information. People will lose interest in your work if you write lengthy sentences. Point â€" Present the main point of your paragraph. This will obviously vary in length, depending on the allocated word count of your essay, but should take between one and four sentences to introduce. Make sure you look for any spelling or grammar errors that you might have missed while writing. Before you start writing, take a minute to organize your thoughts. You can use rhetorical questions in one paragraph and address that rhetoric on another paragraph. You can effectively pose rhetoric on a new sentence of inquiry. Writing an essay gives you the opportunity to display your knowledge, but it is important that you get the structure right. In case you aren't sure about how to put your essay together, here is a helpful breakdown on how to write an essay in English. As instructors, we also have to give up some control over our assignments. For a truly student-centered process to work, we can’t ask leading questions or make decisions for our students. Giving students the reading, writing and thinking skills required for a process like this is, to put it mildly, challenging -- for students and instructors alike. Write down important points that you want to make in your essay. One of the best and traditional methods of keeping your audience engaged is by applying rhetorical questions. Ensure even a lower grade child can easily read your essay. Remove word or phrases that do not introduce any new idea to your essay. As you aim to be precise, be careful not to lose the purpose or the flow of your essay. Choosing a powerful topic will set a right tone for the whole paper. There’s a simple guide that can help each student to write any type of an essay, regardless of the requirements and purposes. Do not lose your reader by having a disorganized essay. This will help you know what to write and have enough content. The reader will be interested to keep on reading if you have organized your ideas systematically. Let your ideas flow smoothly from one to another. If your instructor has specific requirements for the format of writing assignments, check them before submitting your essay. You may find many trustworthy academic resources there.

Essay Writing Service That Exceeds Expectations Discover Below

Essay Writing Service That Exceeds Expectations Discover Below In this topic, you can express your thoughts towards democracy and others. The following are the topics through which you can choose your preferred topic and submit the entry for the same. The essay should be submitted on the official website MyGov.in. Entries done by the students should be only in English and Hindi. Jennifer Alvarez is an investigative journalist and is a correspondent for European Union. You can access each of these in your browser or as a PDF. The Academic Learning Centre’s extensive collection of tip sheets to help you with many of the academic tasks you’ll encounter in university. Participate in group study sessions for select undergraduate courses. She is based in Zurich in Switzerland and her field of work include covering human rights violations which take place in the various countries in and outside Europe. She also reports about the political situation in European Union. So she pulled herself together and started a home-based secretarial service. Her kids â€" Stevie, Julian, Iris, Tania, and Ebony â€" learned to type and proof read. When Holbrook was teaching a class for teen parents who weren’t interested in what she was saying, she got their attention by sharing that she was a mother at 17, a school dropout. Her baby, Steven, was in foster care until she was 18. Every essay I’ve read since then is a wild improvement, but for some, not by much. “They said ‘no’ to the poetry, ‘yes’ to doughnuts,” Holbrook recalls with a laugh. The kids did get interested, and eventually the program became so popular students came even if they didn’t have detention. You can change your subscriptions any time in your user settings. Conserve Blue to Go Green for an Aatmanirbhar Bharat. Again a very simple yet constructive topic to begin with. How, what measures to be taken all should be expressed in the essay. Indian Constitution and Democracy are the biggest enablers. Holbrook has five children, eight grandchildren and two great-grands. She raised her kids alone, sometimes on welfare, while earning a doctoral degree, creating writing programs and honing her own writing skills. The essay competition is a part of the Independence Day celebrations in the country. The theme of the essay envisions the emergence of a robust and strong nation which aims towards the welfare of all. The Honorable Prime Minister of India Shri Narendra Modi has called for a strong, vibrant and self-reliant India for all and an India of all. Data driven insights help determine whether students are doing their own work, enabling you to uphold your institution’s commitment to educational excellence. The Academic Learning Centre has created videos to help you hone your academic skills. Therefore, your paper will be hurriedly done and lacking in proper citation resulting in highly plagiarized work. Turnitin partners with global educators to share smart, creative instructional practices. Explore our blog, teaching tools, guides, white papers, and more. She is also an authority on the Arab world politics and their diversity. For a cheap price, your paper is likely to have plenty of mistakes and borrowed work. The unprofessionalism is evident in the level of skilled workers they have at their disposal. She has worked with some reputed companies in Europe and is currently contributing to USA News as a freelance journalist. As someone who has a Masters’ degree in Human Rights she also delivers lectures on Intercultural Management to students of Human Rights.

Bride Asks Guests, Including Her Own Family, To Write 250

Bride Asks Guests, Including Her Own Family, To Write 250 Regardless of the topic or the task, it is very important to understand and analyse the assignment question before embarking on any assignment writing exercise. A clear interpretation of the question and a well-structured plan are essential. It’s also where you develop a discussion or argument. In order to substantiate your argument, you will also need to offer evidence. This could include examples or quotations from authoritative sources. Please refer to the assignment question on the right hand side of the screen. Notice the key words which in this case they are ‘academic learning and literacy centres’. Also notice these key words ‘ the most effective approach’. Firstly, it must summarise the arguments or information that has been presented in the body of the paper. The purpose of the conclusion is to consolidate or integrate the various issues or researched data that have been covered in the core of your paper. Then, it must restate the key points that have been presented â€" and reiterate the thesis statement. Please keep in mind the keywords ‘in red’, which we will identify in our sample conclusion in a moment. Always recall the essay question as you write and continually link your body paragraphs to the essay question. To ensure your writing is cohesive and coherent - use linking words. Try to synthesise your evidence into each body paragraph in order to substantiate your points. Whenever you do use evidence you should follow the referencing guidelines that have been specified by your tutor or lecturer. Each paragraph in your essay should contribute to answering the essay question. A Global Structure - structure the material in a way that allows for a logical sequence of ideas. Each paragraph / statement should follow sensibly from its predecessor. The introduction, main body and conclusion should all be linked. Essentially, a conclusion consists of three main objectives. You can create them first to help you stay on track when writing your essay. When you are first assigned the topic, go ahead and really explore the possible options for your thesis. The more questions you ask before you start writing, the more information you will have to use in the essay. Essays are a common form of assessment in many tertiary-level disciplines. The ability to construct good essays involves understanding the process and the conventions of essay writing. In addition to commencing your paragraph with a clear topic sentence, it is important to use linking words and phrases to create cohesion within and across paragraphs in your writing. The words you see on your screen are what we call transition signals or signpost words, and they can help the reader follow the order and flow of your ideas. The body of your essay will consist of paragraphs which function as building blocks in the construction of your overall paper. The body is where you demonstrate your knowledge and grasp of the material that you have read. In a previous online tutorial video we introduced you to a real-life assignment question and talked about how to structure the introduction to an essay. Notice the keywords including academic learning and literacy centres and the most effective approach. It’s very important to ensure that you fully analyse and understand the question before you start writing. Ultimately, your conclusion must demonstrate that you have fully answered the question. If you introduction is multiple paragraphs long you have more flexibility where you place the thesis. It is often best to write your introduction when you have finished the main body of the essay, so that you have a good understanding to the topic area. Don't make the mistake of simply writing everything you know of a particular topic, be selective. This may involve discussing your questions, needs and concerns with your tutor, lecturer or subject coordinator to clarify the assignment question or by speaking to a HELPS Advisor. Naturally, you will need to do some background reading to consolidate your ideas before your start planning your essay. A topic sentence is the first sentence in a paragraph, and it summarizes the rest of the paragraph.

Write My Essay For Me

Write My Essay For Me In order to make it unique and captivating to the reader, it is also important to inject unexpected angles or unpredictable conclusions. An essay differs from other projects both within and beyond academia in the sense that you need to come up with a product of your own unique creativity. Here, you have an avenue of expressing your personal view on something that you have observed, read about or experienced. You can inject your own personality, perspectives, emotions, as well as challenge the observations that other authors have made on the subject matter. An essay is an opportunity to present a dynamic interchange of ideas. Less attention has been paid to the tricks some well-off students use to skate by once they are enrolled. The right essay editor or guide is someone who knows something about you but isn’t your best friend or parent, and someone who you know can push you on storytelling and language. It’s best not to hand your essay to every person who comes your way, no matter how many smart teachers, friends, and peers you have at your disposal. Too much feedback can confuse your sense of mission. William Zinsser’s On Writing Well is the primer for nonfiction writing basics. One effective way of making sure you do not miss anything is reading the paper out loud and then correct accordingly as you move along. Research does not just involve digital or written sources, but also other sources like interviews, podcasts, lessons and speeches. Remember that primary sources are more authoritative than secondary sources. It is the depth and quality of your research that will help you grasp the scope of the theme and the strengths and weaknesses of your argument. So don't hesitate to return to the instructor if you have to get all the facts straight. Remember, this is a skill that you will draw from in future, whether you take on writing as a career or pursue a different professional route. Therefore, practice the art of getting your objectives right from the beginning before embarking on the project. The title is the starting point of the process and this needs to be developed in such a way that you are able to systematically show the relationship between the whole and its parts. In the writing process, you will need to use examples, draw parallels, and discuss associations. To effectively achieve this, it is necessary to employ the use of metaphors, similes, allegories, symbolisms, or other methods of comparison. Therefore try as much as possible to remain meticulous in your review. Remember, you do not have to be verbose to make the essay clear and interesting. The more objective and unbiased the opinions presented, the more credible the essay. Supportive facts, examples, statistics, expert opinions and other elements are key to making the essay a success. What exactly is the difference between an analytical essay and an evaluation essay? Your responsibility is to analyze the subject at hand systematically and then explain it by providing examples of the main points and giving proper analogies. So beyond just checking for spelling errors, you are looking for anything that could potentially put off the reader. Well, the latter moves beyond simply explaining what the subject is or how it works and delves into how valuable it is. Critical has its roots from the Greek word 'kritikus' which means 'to discern'. This is the essay that challenges the concepts behind an issue. Ensure that your thesis statement is not too long. Maintain logic and coherence and fluidity in the style you use for the reader to easily move from one point to another. Once, she agonized so much over an American history paper about how the Great Depression ended that she rejected the job at the last minute, and had to pay an $18 fine. Bret Hovell, a spokesman for Arizona State University, said the school was not able to determine whether the essay had been turned in. Mr. Loller said he had worked with some colleges that have students who have never shown up for class or completed a single assignment. “We do not condone, encourage or knowingly take part in plagiarism or any other acts of academic fraud,” it said. For example, are you able to show how much damage is caused by using sleep medication and the statistics and tests that prove it? If so, you can start building your case from there. When you reach the conclusion, restate the thesis in a summarized form. This is the piece of writing that trains you further in developing your communication skills by increasing your reader's awareness with your knowledge and insight. Here, the evidence you use to back up the facts you present should be up-to-date and relevant. Exposition is a process that begins by identifying the foundational ideas and facts and then analyzing the relevant research material. The goal of this essay is to deepen the reader's understanding concerning the subject.

10 Tips For Writing A Killer Essay

10 Tips For Writing A Killer Essay It is extremely important that your sources of reference are both adequate and accurate. Your work may well be used by others as a basis for future research and the information that you detail in this section of the report is not incidental but of immense value to the reader. The customers, who wish to receive confirmation of the work’s originality, are welcome to send a request to the customer support. In return, they will receive the plagiarism report, indicating that the paper is 100% authentic. No need to wait until your deadline becomes too short! The beginning and end of a paragraph are usually more general in scope. The opening sentence indicates what the paragraph is about. It also connects the paragraph to what came before. Focus your effort on explaining the research question or problem that drives your research. Every year, some students decide that they wish to change their programme of study, and move either to another programme within University College Birmingham. When writing a report, a number of books, websites and journal articles may be used. Self-help learning resources -The HELPS website also provides an online self-study guide to essential academic skills. Remember if you lose your target reader you also lose marks in your assessment. Your introduction should point them in the right direction giving them a clear idea of what is to follow. Ensure that you let the introduction speak for itself. Everything can happen, and sometimes you may find that you have a couple of hours for an essay. There is no way that you will find any copied and pasted materials in your work. Neither we rewrite or recycle previously-written papers. We break down the structure of an essay and show you how to do it well. The statement gives a clear answer to the essay question. The rest of your essay could justify that answer by looking at all the different ways that he seems to represent moral authority, and the impact that has at different points in the story. Point out those nuances and complexities that your thesis only hinted at, but that can now be fully understood. Provide observations that keep your conclusion fresh and interesting. The writing team we have gathered at EssayWriting.org consists of top experts, always ready to cope with your homework assignments. We are not trying to boast of, but take a look at our statistics and see it for yourself. Hire an expert at our resource, and all of your academic problems will vanish into the air like smoke. You can count on your writing partner because he/she will never let you down. ” question, your reader will care enough to read on. We check the texts with the plagiarism scanner to detect any frauds. All of our helpers have Ph.D. and Master's degrees, professional knowledge, and advanced English level. EssayWriting.org ruins the stereotype about professional quality and its cost. Here you will get your stunning paper for a low rate. Try to create an introduction that captures the target reader; and don't let the target reader second guess what you’re trying to say. Think about how you are going to organise each paragraph. For an essay about a piece of literature, the best evidence will come from the text itself. Evidence is the foundation of an effective essay and provides proof for your points.

4 Writing Styles To Help You Ace Every Essay

4 Writing Styles To Help You Ace Every Essay Surprisingly, this is one of the most effective services I’ve used so far. My essay looks good and the structure is well-organized. There is nothing I could be disappointed with at this point. I’m glad I don’t have to spend too much time on this assignment. I thought I was going to fail this class this time. This essay saved me and I’m very grateful to all those who helped me. I won't say that my essay is something extraordinary, an average quality I guess. But it still is a lot better than the one I tried to write and failed. I'm glad that the results are satisfactory and I had a great fun cooperating with one of your writers. I do not have to search for the material thank to these writers. Thank you very much for taking on such complex tasks. If it were simple, I would not search for an online writer to do it. This is the first time I'm using this service but everything went smoothly. It is very hard for me to write in English as my native language is Spanish. Thank you for making my writing look a lot better. I’m grateful to my writer because she worked hard to meet my expectations and also to my friend who recommended me this company. I can't believe one can write an essay this fast! Thank you for the phenomenal speed and good quality. The information in the essay is relevant and interesting. I've never used online help before so this is all new to me. They distract the attention of a reader and makes it hard for her to grasp the main idea. You should enjoy writing it instead of trying to meet the required word count. Would you read your essay with excitement if someone else gave it to you? If the answer is negative, try to change your approach. Of course, I could have done it myself, but I was too pressed for time. The deadline was kind of a problem and I got my paper a bit later than I wanted to. But it’s fine, the most important thing is the quality of writing and it is high. It is amazing that now I can get my paper as fast as within only five hours. On one hand, you have to be attentive and precise. On the other hand, do not exclude your creativity from the equation at all. The more inventive you get with the presentation of your findings and your personal conclusions the better. Use this assignment to show your imagination and ability to explain even the most complex phenomena in an easy and engaging way. One of the pitfalls of writing an interesting essay is using too many unnecessary details. Anyway, if you are not looking for a masterpiece, this service is a nice place to order it. I would prefer my essay to have more examples and specific conclusions, however, the lack of time did not let me take the full advantage of revisions. Also, don’t be afraid to just type without thinking too much about whether it’s any good. Many people find it best to just sit down and write a lot without much reflection. Start looking for the right verbs and adjectives. The doubts you have about the quality of writing are going to disappear as soon as you take a look at the essay we deliver. It is going to look flawless, having no typos or grammar errors.

How Many Paragraphs Is 1,000 Words?

How Many Paragraphs Is 1,000 Words? In the final Capstone Project, all the knowledge that you’ve gained over the span of these courses will culminate into an academic research paper on an issue of your choice. I am feeling very satisfied with the course I've completed. This was really a wonderful experience for me to learn all types of essays in such a short period of time. Thank you for teaching me how to write basic essays. This has been one of my most important goals for years. I've tried several other ways of learning but your method worked for me. Even the most outstanding essay makes no sense when delivered too late. We guarantee that your paper will be composed, checked, and delivered a little earlier than you request. All to give you time to check it and send for a revision if necessary. With years of hard work and constant development, we have gotten on the list of the best essay writing services that give solid guarantees. There is plenty of scopes to get creative in the introduction of essays. This will ensure that you hook the reader, i.e. draw and keep his attention. So to do so you can start with a quote or a proverb. Another interesting strategy to engage with your reader is to start with a question. It is a creative process so it should not be confined within boundaries. It implies high quality, swift delivery, and full confidentiality. If you feel that certain parts of work could use some improvements, then your writer will do it as asked. Reaching out to your writer asking about the custom writing process and discussing the progress so far is absolutely free. Dear customer, we are so happy that you liked the delivered paper! If you come back to us, you can request the same writer for your order. Or, you could begin with a general overview of the source you're analyzing and then move on to addressing the major themes, tone, and style of the work. Choose a question to answer or an issue to address. As you do your research, you will likely find yourself narrowing your focus even further. For example, you might discover that there is a particular question you want to answer, or that there's a popular argument or theory about your topic that you'd like to try to disprove. This question or issue will form the basis for your thesis, or main argument. It’s a great solution if you need to free up some time. Their Support is real people, and they are always friendly and supportive. I had a problem with my payment once, and it took them like 5 mins to solve it. We offer professional term paper writers with degrees in 35+ fields. There are experts in MBA, History, Literature, Arts, Accounting, Marketing, Nursing, Math, and other subjects on the team. Make an order, and we’ll match you with a subject-relevant writer having the necessary qualification to fulfill your order up to par. Contact your writer for free anytime using the Message board. They helped me with my essays so I had the time to study for exams. However, there is a basic structure that is generally followed while writing essays. So let us take a look at the general structure of an essay. Every writer responds to the customer’s messages promptly in a lenient and cheerful fashion. Our goal is to make sure you get the exact type of paper you initially wanted! They write quality papers, and you can actually chat with them if you want. FREE UNLIMITED REVISIONS If you are not fully satisfied with your paper, ask us for a free revision within 2 weeks after the delivery. Your writer will make all the necessary changes. The skills taught in this Specialization will empower you to succeed in any college-level course or professional field. You’ll learn to conduct rigorous academic research and to express your ideas clearly in an academic format.

How Many Paragraphs Is 1,000 Words?

How Many Paragraphs Is 1,000 Words? In the final Capstone Project, all the knowledge that you’ve gained over the span of these courses will culminate into an academic research paper on an issue of your choice. I am feeling very satisfied with the course I've completed. This was really a wonderful experience for me to learn all types of essays in such a short period of time. Thank you for teaching me how to write basic essays. This has been one of my most important goals for years. I've tried several other ways of learning but your method worked for me. Even the most outstanding essay makes no sense when delivered too late. We guarantee that your paper will be composed, checked, and delivered a little earlier than you request. All to give you time to check it and send for a revision if necessary. With years of hard work and constant development, we have gotten on the list of the best essay writing services that give solid guarantees. There is plenty of scopes to get creative in the introduction of essays. This will ensure that you hook the reader, i.e. draw and keep his attention. So to do so you can start with a quote or a proverb. Another interesting strategy to engage with your reader is to start with a question. It is a creative process so it should not be confined within boundaries. It implies high quality, swift delivery, and full confidentiality. If you feel that certain parts of work could use some improvements, then your writer will do it as asked. Reaching out to your writer asking about the custom writing process and discussing the progress so far is absolutely free. Dear customer, we are so happy that you liked the delivered paper! If you come back to us, you can request the same writer for your order. Or, you could begin with a general overview of the source you're analyzing and then move on to addressing the major themes, tone, and style of the work. Choose a question to answer or an issue to address. As you do your research, you will likely find yourself narrowing your focus even further. For example, you might discover that there is a particular question you want to answer, or that there's a popular argument or theory about your topic that you'd like to try to disprove. This question or issue will form the basis for your thesis, or main argument. It’s a great solution if you need to free up some time. Their Support is real people, and they are always friendly and supportive. I had a problem with my payment once, and it took them like 5 mins to solve it. We offer professional term paper writers with degrees in 35+ fields. There are experts in MBA, History, Literature, Arts, Accounting, Marketing, Nursing, Math, and other subjects on the team. Make an order, and we’ll match you with a subject-relevant writer having the necessary qualification to fulfill your order up to par. Contact your writer for free anytime using the Message board. They helped me with my essays so I had the time to study for exams. However, there is a basic structure that is generally followed while writing essays. So let us take a look at the general structure of an essay. Every writer responds to the customer’s messages promptly in a lenient and cheerful fashion. Our goal is to make sure you get the exact type of paper you initially wanted! They write quality papers, and you can actually chat with them if you want. FREE UNLIMITED REVISIONS If you are not fully satisfied with your paper, ask us for a free revision within 2 weeks after the delivery. Your writer will make all the necessary changes. The skills taught in this Specialization will empower you to succeed in any college-level course or professional field. You’ll learn to conduct rigorous academic research and to express your ideas clearly in an academic format.

5 Tips To Write A Better Essay

5 Tips To Write A Better Essay You won’t remember any of it, it will drain all of your energy, and you only get one reference and viewpoint out of it. Read the intro and conclusion so that you get the gist of their argument. Pick a chapter from the contents page which looks like it’s relevant to your essay. After the introduction add further paragraphs to build your argument, make the most important points first. Remember the way these points are ordered makes your argument clearer to the reader. You may have to present your argument for the essay under broad themes like ‘economic’, ‘social’, ‘political’ or ‘religious’ reasons. Meeting desperate deadlines is another thing that we do up to par. Make an order now, and we’ll do it in a couple of hours. We’ll recruit a premium writer who’ll write you a brilliant essay and fulfill your order on the same day. If you’re in a great hurry, then we’re the experts to ask for help. You need proper UK essay writers to live up to the educational standards in the UK. As you write your essay there several things that you should put in mind if you want to write the best essay. One of the factors that you should consider is the purpose of your essay. If the essay is about college application you need to put this in mind as you ponder of ideas for your essay. You have to use a certain structure when writing an essay; especially if you want to have a perfect ending. You have to follow a certain procedure so that you can end your essay without leaving your readers in suspense. There is no way you can write a perfect end if you do not have the beginning and the middle. Your conclusion depends especially on the middle part of an essay. That is why you need to know how to write your beginning and the middle before you can draw the best conclusion. Get the top-notch paper writing service that’s rather inexpensive and, most importantly, pays off with a positive result. As simple as that, you can have any homework assignment done by an expert in your subject for cheap. Make sure you understand which theme suits each of your points, then group your all points on the same theme in order of importance into a separate paragraph. Underline key words in the essay title so you really understand the question being asked. It’s not about writing all you know about a topic. They’ll mess up your sleep pattern, you’ll ruin your entire next day, and you’ll likely produce work that a 5-year old would be quick to disown. Write a composition about your lifestyle that shows your character. This is important because if your grammar is poor, it will be hard for your essay to be understood. You need to employ the art of using the perfect tense. Tense is the backbone of all writings and many students fail here. They might have the best ideas or points, but their tense will undo all these. Often your argument will change over the course of the essay, and you’ll need to alter your intro accordingly. This is like doing your introduction all over again, but with slightly nicer words. Once you’ve clarified all the terms, you can start to put together your arguments and write the essay. He absolutely did his best with my research paper, for which I’m very grateful. All of our writers are qualified to work with students at any study level. Royal quality of writing is available on our site 24/7. Rest assured that we always have a relevant writer free to start working on your task within a matter of minutes. There’s no need to overpay for services that could cost you less in British pounds. First and foremost, your grammar and punctuation have to be purely British. Then have our writers help you prepare authentic compositions that will meet the educational requirements in Great Britain. While writing an essay is a subjective exercise, you need to have background information to support your arguments. This helps in convincing your readers about the point that you are pushing for. Unless you are a truly good writer, your best and enthusiastic writing will be about activities that actually took place.

Writing Your Assignment

Writing Your Assignment I am going to start using this website to learn. I’m starting to write essays for school and journals. Good instruction and ideas about how to write are the kind of help that should never get you in trouble. The rest of the paragraph will explain the topic sentence and give examples and reasons to back up that assertion. The introductory paragraph is filled with doom and gloom. We feel sorry for the writer but are left wondering whether the article will be a classic sob story. It is in the second paragraph where we find out that it's quite the opposite. You can always adjust your introductory paragraph later. You need to write a description that uses sense imagery and uses vivid adjectives and adverbs. One way to do this is to close your eyes and imagine the story from beginning to end. Then start writing down phrases of what you see. Make it more vivid by adding as many details as you can. It would be different if someone else told you how to write a particular sentence, but when you apply writing hints on your own then you should be commended. Be sure you can explain what you are doing and why and your teacher will be impressed. On average for a five-paragraph essay, I write around 1, words. For an eight paragraph essay, I write around 2,000-2,600 words on the document. The following example illustrates the importance of these elements in paragraph writing. I was racing against time to do my five paragraph essay as the teacher timed my class and I clicked on this and my mind was wide opened with the million ideas I could add. I have over 100 English writing essays here on Owlcation. You can look at my profile for some of them or search by my name. Thank you, I didn’t know of this website even was around for someone to use to learn how to write anything. There are many correct ways to start a paragraph, but in standard English, it is typical to begin each paragraph with the topic sentence. A topic sentence tells the main idea of the paragraph. You can start at the beginning or dive right into the heart of your essay. An introductory paragraph, as the opening of a conventional essay,composition, orreport, is designed to grab people's attention. It informs readers about the topic and why they should care about it but also adds enough intrigue to get them to continue to read. In short, the opening paragraph is your chance to make a great first impression. An essay is an extended piece of writing that presents and supports a thesis or proposition. The word ‘essay’ derives from the Latin word ‘exagium’, meaning the presentation of a case. The topic sentence connects the writing prompt with a summary of the main idea. The unifying idea in this paragraph is that the writer likes Sunday because it gives him/her a chance to be with his/her dad. The topic sentence restates the prompt but does not unify the paragraph. At Time4Writing, a certified teacher acts as an online writing tutor to help students build writing skills by focusing on the fundamentals. And nothing in the writing process is more fundamental than writing a solid paragraph. There is not just one sentence starter that works for any particular position in a paper. What you need to decide is what that sentence is doing in relation to the last paragraph. If you are adding information, use an adding transition. If you are contrasting, use a contrast transition etc.

Writing Overview

Writing Overview Once these questions have been answered, you can begin constructing your essay. Giving students the reading, writing and thinking skills required for a process like this is, to put it mildly, challenging -- for students and instructors alike. We’re asking students to give up certainties and formulae, to dive into the unknown. We’re taking away the safety of falling back on generalizations, personal experience and conventional wisdom. The process work we’re advocating here is multistaged, iterative, messy work. Library staff can direct you to valuable material. Choosing a powerful topic will set a right tone for the whole paper. There’s a simple guide that can help each student to write any type of an essay, regardless of the requirements and purposes. Whether your task is to present your point of view on a specific issue or compare different things, the basic structure of your work will be the same. Writing skills are one of the main abilities you’ll develop during your college years, from the first weeks to the very end of your degree programme. This part could take anywhere from hours to days. Background research is vital for the formulation of your thesis. Through background research, you can make connections between sources and discern which sources are most valuable to your topic. Sites like JSTOR and Google Scholar are great places to find academic sources. Make sure that the sources you find support and develop your thesis statement. The student may move from the text to questions to freewriting or brainstorming to drafting, then go back to the text and so on, deepening her analysis by asking questions. She may use a range of visually rich, active-learning methods to generate ideas, get her thoughts in order and fill gaps. Don’t start with the introduction.The introduction is where some students struggle the most, so to avoid getting bogged down, create the introduction later. This will allow you to fully form your thoughts and ideas and come back and integrate the main ideas into your introduction. If your instructor has specific requirements for the format of writing assignments, check them before submitting your essay. You may find many trustworthy academic resources there. To know what to look for, familiarize yourself with the library sections relevant to your topic. Use your writing skills to apply for scholarships. Check out our Scholarship Match to find scholarships that are write for you. Make sure you look for any spelling or grammar errors that you might have missed while writing. Before you start writing, take a minute to organize your thoughts. Write down important points that you want to make in your essay. Most college students turn their attention to the letter grade or percentage score. Many students end the review process at this point. If you want to succeed in your education, you should master these skills as soon as possible in order to craft brilliant essays. Based on your thesis, continue doing research, now with a focus on sources that support the thesis statement you have developed.

How Many Paragraphs In An Essay?

How Many Paragraphs In An Essay? It might ask you to describe and analyse the causes and/or effects of a particular action or event. Or it might ask you to evaluate the relative significance of a person, group or event. An effective body paragraph should begin with a transition word or phrase to help your reader see the connections between your ideas. There are five kinds of weak thesis statements to avoid. With broad topics, it helps to limit the scope of your discussion by saying what is not your focus. While the conclusion may be the smallest piece of the essay, it is often the most important. Make sure you clearly state the conclusion and that it logically follows from the information you have provided. Regardless of whether you agree or disagree with the proposed issues and solutions, you need to logically support your point of view. Therefore, try to explain your position by offering logical and consistent arguments. Don’t contradict yourself, even if you look at the problem from different angles. Now that you understand the basic types of essay formats, here are some tips that will help you create the perfect essay. This will be of special interest to developers of websites with proofreading services or English language learning websites and mobile apps. For details on the grammar checking API, see our Grammar Check API documentation page. Look at the beginning of your introductory paragraph and ask yourself how you might grab the reader’s interest more effectively. Select an essay type from the list and click check for a score and feedback. You can change the translation language at any time in your profile page. Submitting texts containing avoidable errors to a teacher indicates a lack of learning or care, and should be scored lower than texts without avoidable errors. See the paraphrase checker page for more information and a sample text to try. We offer a grammar checking API service with a free one month trial for developers. With the Virtual Writing Tutor's API, you can add spelling and grammar checking capabilities to any website. Then, I use Model Essay Proximity Scoring to determine how closely your essay resembles the ideal essay response for each test prompt. It is perfectly understandable that you’ll be extremely anxious to dot and cross those last i’s and t’s and turn this essay in the moment you have finished. It may be the last thing you’ll want to do at that moment, but it could turn your essay from good to great. You’ll be very happy later on that you put forth this extra effort. Finally, you have to provide the reader with a concise conclusion. It will underline words and phrases that are common to both texts. In addition, it will calculate the similarity of the two texts with a score. For optimal results, check one sentence at a time, and aim for a paraphrase score below 50%. Your writing will include numerous tense shifts, word order problems, and number agreement errors. Add to these, bad translations suggested by Google translate, spelling errors, and the general chaos that comes with the cognitive overload of having to compose in a second language. The Virtual Writing Tutor can help you improve your paraphrasing skills quickly. Draft your paraphrase, click on the Paraphrase Checker button, and copy-paste the source text into the text box. Click Check, and the paraphrase checker will compare your text to the original text. A trained IELTS examiner might score your essay a little higher or lower, but I am confident that the Virtual Writing Tutor’s IELTS practice tests will help you improve. The system provides valuable tips and corrections on a range of essay features to help you improve your essay so you can get better and better. After many years of research, I have developed a special method of quality detection that I call Latent Essay Feature Analysis . I use it to discover what makes a great essay great. Obviously, you should check the sentence for common errors. For beginners and intermediate learners, however, your needs are different. You will need a grammar checker that checks for common developmental errors and transfer errors from your first language. You will also have difficulty constructing and conjugating verbs.

Sample Sat Essay Prompts

Sample Sat Essay Prompts Our essay writers are handpicked from leading colleges across the US, UK and Australia. They are subject-matter graduates with professional degrees such as Master’s and PhDs. You’re not alone -- that’s the life of a quintessential college student. With looming deadlines and complicated essays, students are under immense pressure and left feeling stressed. It helps us learn and grow, which widely affects future orders. If you have any concerns, take a look at our reviews page - to find out what clients have said about this paper writing service. Unsatisfied clients are entitled to free reviews and rewrites up to 30 days. Satisfaction is taken very seriously with our paper writing service. All papers are unique because our writers are required to follow our strict quality assurance protocol, which includes anti-plagiarism. Here at EssayPro, we offer a service guarantee when you buy an essay. Last year, 99% of all our orders were delivered on time and this year our goal is 100% timely delivery. All you have to do is say, “write my essay research paper for me” or “I want to hire a smart person to write my essay”, and your wish will be our command. A writer will work to meet all the specifications A to Z. Your paper will be done by an expert with years of experience under the belt. Every writer we employ is a native speaker of English and comes from either the USA, Australia, UK, Canada, Ireland, or New Zealand. For those who are seeking reviews of our service, we have EssayPro reviews page in-app. Take a stroll around the reviews our clients have left us regarding the work and experience they have had. We truly value and take on-board customer feedback. This means that our clients can have college papers done in moments or 2 weeks, regardless of the number of pages. We are a freelance platform, which connects talented writers with students who need extra help on their assignments. We are all about assisting college students and helping them make the best of these years. Look over the writers’ ratings, success rating, and the feedback left by other students. Thank you so much for taking the headache out of the process. We made it easy to connect you with the best academic writer. Make an order, and a writer will meet all the provided instructions. Topic, length, number of references, spacing, formatting, and academic level. All these aspects let us fully customize the document making it one-of-a-kind and truly authentic. Given the amount of research paper requests we get, we have amped up our team with research paper writing experts who write custom, well-written research papers. Research papers are one of my most common writing assignments students encounter and a crucial one at that. Each client can choose an appropriate writer to buy an essay from. They can do this by looking at factors such as success rates and customer reviews. Every complaint will be considered and acted upon. We only want what’s best for our customer's well-being.

Sample Sat Essay Prompts

Sample Sat Essay Prompts Our essay writers are handpicked from leading colleges across the US, UK and Australia. They are subject-matter graduates with professional degrees such as Master’s and PhDs. You’re not alone -- that’s the life of a quintessential college student. With looming deadlines and complicated essays, students are under immense pressure and left feeling stressed. It helps us learn and grow, which widely affects future orders. If you have any concerns, take a look at our reviews page - to find out what clients have said about this paper writing service. Unsatisfied clients are entitled to free reviews and rewrites up to 30 days. Satisfaction is taken very seriously with our paper writing service. All papers are unique because our writers are required to follow our strict quality assurance protocol, which includes anti-plagiarism. Here at EssayPro, we offer a service guarantee when you buy an essay. Last year, 99% of all our orders were delivered on time and this year our goal is 100% timely delivery. All you have to do is say, “write my essay research paper for me” or “I want to hire a smart person to write my essay”, and your wish will be our command. A writer will work to meet all the specifications A to Z. Your paper will be done by an expert with years of experience under the belt. Every writer we employ is a native speaker of English and comes from either the USA, Australia, UK, Canada, Ireland, or New Zealand. For those who are seeking reviews of our service, we have EssayPro reviews page in-app. Take a stroll around the reviews our clients have left us regarding the work and experience they have had. We truly value and take on-board customer feedback. This means that our clients can have college papers done in moments or 2 weeks, regardless of the number of pages. We are a freelance platform, which connects talented writers with students who need extra help on their assignments. We are all about assisting college students and helping them make the best of these years. Look over the writers’ ratings, success rating, and the feedback left by other students. Thank you so much for taking the headache out of the process. We made it easy to connect you with the best academic writer. Make an order, and a writer will meet all the provided instructions. Topic, length, number of references, spacing, formatting, and academic level. All these aspects let us fully customize the document making it one-of-a-kind and truly authentic. Given the amount of research paper requests we get, we have amped up our team with research paper writing experts who write custom, well-written research papers. Research papers are one of my most common writing assignments students encounter and a crucial one at that. Each client can choose an appropriate writer to buy an essay from. They can do this by looking at factors such as success rates and customer reviews. Every complaint will be considered and acted upon. We only want what’s best for our customer's well-being.

What Do Teachers Want To See In Automated Writing Evaluation Systems?

What Do Teachers Want To See In Automated Writing Evaluation Systems? If you’re a writer, shouldn’t writing well be the most important thing? Why do writers seem to obsess over word count and page count? The essay writing techniques you’ll learn in the essay program are not just about producing a piece of work that gets a good grade, they’re also about effective learning. The essay writing process is linked to learning; developing a sound essay writing technique enhances your learning. My teacher told me that I needed to write an essay that had 2500 words. I got marks off for not writing an essay with exactly 2500 words. That’s completely ridiculous but my teacher refuse to reinstate the point she took off because she said 2500 words and not 2498 words. I could’ve just said that my was 2500 words and she would’ve never known the difference. I don’t understand why I’m being punished for being honest. There are instances when you’re given an assignment, not by word count, but assigned by the number of pages. ” If you need to figure out words per page, you can use a words per page calculator. The truth is there is no definitive answer to this question. For example, if the assignment says the writing should be in 10-point font, it’s going to take a greater number of words to fill a page than if the assignment requires a 12-point font. The following provides an audio-visual representation of the essay writing diagram. Links are optional but it will help your argument flow if you include them. They are sentences that help the reader understand how the parts of your argument are connected. Most commonly they come at the end of the paragraph but they can be equally effective at the beginning of the next one. Sometimes a link is split between the end of one paragraph and the beginning of the next . Many authors use word count as a motivational tool. To help them from getting stuck and editing each sentence over and over again as they write, they choose a minimum number of words they want to write each day. These words may not be perfect and will likely need to be heavily edited, but it gets the ideas down and keeps them from getting stuck on one area of their book. It’s a way to motivate them to get the book done. It works well for me, but I know others who don’t do well with it. I think it depends a lot on your personality, but forcing myself to be consistent day in and day out helps me get my books done. Without a daily word count, I would never complete them. Can someone explain to me why so many people are obsessed with word count and page count? Is this really something that’s worth complaining about? The important issue is to write the best essay you can, not the length of words. If you’re focus in only on the words and not what you’ve written, your writing is never going to be good. Focus on what’s important, not on things like this. For example, I am currently writing a paper and have 5,000 words, but only 17 pages . Things like paragraph size and headers need to be taken into account as well. The most common format required for essays is double-spaced, font type Times New Roman, and font size 12pt. With that in mind,1,000 typed words is about four pages.The average person types40 words per minute, so it would take about 30 minutes to finish 1,000 words of writing. This is a great guide, but people should be aware that these are just estimates.

Effects of Marijuana on the Brain Essay - 550 Words

Effects of Marijuana on the Brain (Article Sample) Content: Filbey, F.M., Aslan, S., Calhoun, V.D., Spence, J.S., ... Segall, J. (2014). Long-term effects of marijuana use on the brain. PNAS , 111 (47):16913-16918. Retrieved from /cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1415297111.NameUniversityIntroduction According to Filbey et al. (2014), Marijuana use has steadily increased yet research findings on neural changes associated with chronic marijuana use remain equivocal despite agreement that such changes affect neural architecture, arguing from the knowledge that cognitive changes associated with chronic marijuana use are long lasting. The authors appreciate research focus on cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptor-rich brain areas that includes orbitofrontal cortex in studying neuronal changes secondary to marijuana use: Tetrahydrocannabinoid (THC), the main ingredient in marijuana binds to CB1 receptors. However, the authors were disturbed by paradoxical results of studies assessing neural architecture changes, which showed increase, decrease, and no d ifferences in regional or global volume white or gray matter volume. Informed by findings linking brain structure and connectivity, the authors sought to determine structural brain alterations and potential patterns of gray matter connectivity emanating from chronic marijuana use.Materials and methods The researchers applied a case-control design with a sample population of 110 participants out of which 48 were chronic marijuana users (cases) whereas 62 were non-marijuana users (controls). Inclusion criteria for the cases were self-reported regular (minimum four times a week) marijuana use for at least 6 months and a positive THC-COOH urine test. Importantly, the researchers removed confounding by excluding persons who had current and/or previous history of traumatic brain injury, psychosis, and neurological disorder from the cannabis group. However, there is no evidence of randomization at recruitment stage although both cases and controls were matched for sex. All the participants were then subjected to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and interviewed using Marijuana Problem Survey tool to capture structural changes and behavioral measures respectively. Specifically, a high resolution T1-weighted image, a resting state functional MRI, and a diffusion tensor imaging scan were collected to measure gray matter volume, assess functional connectivity, and assess structural connectivity between white matter tracts and brain regions respectively. Behavioral data was analyzed against a pre-developed Likert scale whereas voxel-based morphology technique for investigating structural abnormalities of the whole brain was used to process MRI data. Notably, the researchers performed linear regression analysis to assess contribution of chronic cannabis use on gray matter volume, cognition, functional connectivity, and structural connectivity. Besides, t-tests were performed to test the hypothesis that chronic marijuana use has no effect on gray matter volume, cognition, functional connectivity, and structural connectivity. Additionally, parametric regression models analyzed relationship among aforementioned variables.Results According to Filbey et al. (2014), the results were that chronic marijuana users develop structural alterations evidenced by significantly reduced orbitofrontal gyri volume bilaterally. Besides, the researchers identified structural and functional connectivity changes exem...

Youth Gang Prevention Efforts A Two Pronged Prevention

Youth Gang Prevention Efforts A two-pronged prevention approach has proven effective, with primary prevention strategies aimed at the community s general population and secondary prevention strategies targeting youth between the ages of 7 and 14 who are at high risk of joining gangs. Prevention efforts undertaken by law enforcement departments around the country include: â€Å"Participating in community awareness campaigns (e.g. developing public service announcements and poster campaigns). Contacting the parents of peripheral gang members (through the mail or during personal visits) to alert them that their children are involved with a gang. Sponsoring gang hotlines to gather information and facilitate a quick response to gang-related issues. Organizing athletic events with teams of law enforcement officers and gang members. Establishing working relationships with local social service agencies. Making presentations about gangs to schools and community groups as a combined effort at prevention and information ga thering. Sponsoring school-based gang and drug prevention programs (e.g. DARE and GREAT)† (Hess, 2013 p.230). Another great example of a prevention effort to lessen gangs that has been widely used in the United States is mentoring. Mentoring promotes positive youth development and help rehabilitate youth involved with a gang(s) (Prevention Efforts).Mentoring works by fostering caring relationships between the youth and a caring adult. Police Response to Youth Crime andShow MoreRelatedHIDA Case Study1087 Words   |  5 Pagesinvestigative, interdiction and prosecution activities, drug use prevention and drug treatment initiatives, as well as many others. Treatment and prevention are a main focus of the HIDTA program and all twenty-eight HIDTAs support prevention initiatives around the country. HIDTA works with community-based coalitions and follow evidence-based prevention practices including community mobilization and organizational change. A few examples of these prevention initiatives include; the Safe and Sound Initiative, theRead MoreThe Niger Delta Struggles: Its Implications for Resource Control.17990 Words   |  72 Pagesof the national question through a conference of ethnic nationalities. The current and fourth stage of the transformation has seen the entrance of youths, youth militancy and youth militias with volatile demands and ultimatums that have accentuated the scale and intensity of confrontatio ns and violence with the multinationals and the state. The youths presently spearhead and constitute the vanguard of Niger-delta conflict nationalists. They chart the course of methods, tactics and strategies andRead MoreThe Censorship of Art Essay example14698 Words   |  59 PagesPMRC in 1985, a new, more organized and systematic attack to control popular music has been launched. 1. The Invasion of the Washington Wives The Parents Music Resource Center was founded in 1985 as the result of the unusually combined efforts of a few concerned parents (Coletti 1987:421-426; Gray 1989a:151-153, 1989b:6-8; Kaufman 1986:228-231; McDonald 1988a:302-106; Roldan 1987:222-231). Tipper Gore, wife of current Vice-President and then Senator of Tennessee Albert Gore, bought theRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesan Urban World †¢ Howard Spodek 53 3 Women in the Twentieth-Century World Bonnie G. Smith 83 4 The Gendering of Human Rights in the International Systems of Law in the Twentieth Century †¢ Jean H. Quataert 116 5 The Impact of the Two World Wars in a Century of Violence †¢ John H. Morrow Jr. 161 6 Locating the United States in Twentieth-Century World History †¢ Carl J. Guarneri 213 7 The Technopolitics of Cold War: Toward a Transregional Perspective †¢ Gabrielle HechtRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 PagesStrategic Marketing Management Dedication This book is dedicated to the authors’ wives – Gillian and Rosie – and to Ben Gilligan for their support while it was being written. Acknowledgements Our thanks go to Janice Nunn for all the effort that she put in to the preparation of the manuscript. Strategic Marketing Management Planning, implementation and control Third edition Richard M.S. Wilson Emeritus Professor of Business Administration The Business School Loughborough University

Caffeine as a Drug Essay - 2841 Words

Waking up to a hot cup of coffee, relishing the cool tingling sensation of a cola with your lunch, or relaxing in the afternoon over a cup of tea, all have similar ingredient caffeine. Caffeine has been consumed ever since the 2700 BC, with its conjunction in tea, for the Chinese Emperor Shen Nung. In 575 AD, the first use of coffee beans where in Africa where it was used as currency and food. Even more today, caffeine consumption has become an integral part of millions of peoples daily lives. According to David Weaver, Caffeine and theophylline are among the most widely consumed neuroactive substances. These drugs are consumed most frequently in beverages, but also are present in certain over-the-counter diet aids, alertness†¦show more content†¦Especially students that depend on caffeine to support their study habits should carefully monitor such information. Many college students use caffeine byproducts such as sodas, coffee, and caffeine pills as supplements to maintain a more alert state. However, a lot of students lose count of how many cups of coffee or soda they have intake. Students tend to gear their consumption of these caffeine products by the products effectiveness rather than their caffeine dosage. This may result in the abuse of this substance, however minimal deaths have been reported due to this. In most cases, overdoses will result in tremendous discomfort and rarely cause death or permanent damage. However, a number of people have died from an overdose of caffeine. According to DSM-3-R, the toxic dose or lethal dosage to kill fifty percent of the population is estimated at ten grams. Although the lethal dose varies between each individual the basic guidelines tend to fall at one hundred and fifty milligrams per kilogram of body weight. A more animated description of the lethal overdose would range from fifty to two hundred cups of coffee or fifty caffeine pills. In lethal overdoses physiological effects such as seizures, tachycardia, or cardia arrhythmia can occur. Tachycardia and cardia arrhythmia can also occur with an intake of greater than one thousand milligrams of caffeine. Dosages between five hundredShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Caffeine On A Drug2393 Words   |  10 Pages In the beginning of the semester we were told to write down any drugs we had taken in the last 30 days. When I wrote down the drugs that I had taken over the last 30 days I never once considered caffeine a drug. I never saw caffeine as a drug until this class.The purpose of this project is to get a better understanding of someone who is attempting the abstinence process. For this project we had to get rid of one substance we consume daily or at least frequently. When providing a list of three substancesRead MoreCaffeine the Most Popular Drug in The World1079 Words   |  5 Pagesingredients in coffee and tea is caffeine. Caffeine has both bad and good benefits, but too much of caffeine can cause a negative effect for our health. The effects of tea and coffee can have various health benefits, carry out chemical compounds that is in the drink, but too much consumption can create side effects to our body. Caffeine is one of the most popular drug. They are naturally in all coffee beans and tea plants. Everyone in the world consumes caffeine everyday, from coffee to tea drinksRead More Caffeine and its Long-term Physiological Changes Essay969 Words   |  4 PagesCaffeine and its Long-term Physiological Changes To many people, caffeine seems like more of a necessity to start the day, or keep the day going, rather than a potentially harmful drug; however, most do not realize the long-term physiological changes that can occur as reported by several users. According to National Geographic, consumers spend 30 million dollars every year on caffeine tablets and roughly 50 billion dollars on caffeinated soda. Caffeine is a drug andRead MoreConsumption of Caffeine by Minors1621 Words   |  6 PagesConsumption of caffeine by minors has increased significantly in the past few years. In the modern community it is a common practice amongst teens to consume coffee as a part of an afterschool get together or as an energy booster in the morning. Many other teens consume highly caffeinated drinks that are known as energy drinks, even a can of coke has a very high amount of caffeine present in it. Consequently is caffeine an energy booster or a detriment to wellbeing. So should children be able toRead MoreCaffeine Synthesis1722 Words   |  7 PagesPaper Many Americans have included caffeine as a part of their daily diet whether they realize it or not. In fact, â€Å"caffeine is the most consumed psychoactive substance in the world† (Ruxton How is this instead (Caffeine is especially common throughout†¦) 15). It is found very especially commonly throughout every day foods and consumed mostly though through coffee, tea, soda, and chocolate (Spiller 200). Many Americans participate in the use of caffeine; it is estimated that 90% of adultsRead MoreThe Effects Of Drugs And Its Effects On Society1670 Words   |  7 Pageseffects of drugs when they are about to use it. In today’s society, there are various types of drugs or substances that are either on the legal or illegal side. Just because a substance is legal does not make it beneficial and vice versa. The main categories of drugs are stimulants, depressants, and hallucinogens. The drug category that I would like to focus on is stimulants. The most heavily and frequently used stimulant, which is caffeine. Never does it cross someone’s mind that caffeine can be consideredRead MoreEnergy Drinks And Caffeinated Beverages Essay962 Words   |  4 Pagesboth is caffeine. Caffeine is a mild stimulant drug and is considered to be the most popular used drug in the world (Striley et al. 2011). The differences in energy drinks and caffeinated beverages can be drastic when comparing their caffeine levels. The main health risks that are associated with energy drinks can be directly linked to their main ingredient, caffeine (Breda et al. 2014). Consuming excess caffeine can cause a caffeine overdose. Energy drinks increase the risk for a caffeine overdoseRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Caffeine1353 Words   |  6 PagesDrinking caffeine in the morning to start off the day might seem like the right thing to do in the morning but is it really harmful? Caffeine can be really addictive and may even cause death if used way that not meant for your body. About 85 percent of the U.S. population that’s an adult drinks about three cups of coffee a day and that’s not even counting soda or energy drinks. Caffeine has been around for more than a thousand years and we still don’t understand everyt hing about what it does forRead MoreCaffeine, is it Helping or Hurting America?1089 Words   |  5 Pages Caffeine is the most abused drug in the world. Many people wake up, and start there day with some sort of caffeine. Some it is for the energy boost, and to help them stay awake and focused. Others it is for the addictive crave. It is the most popular drug in the United States. Caffeine is in almost everything such as, sodas, over-counter medication, prescription drugs, cigarettes, foods, etc. The most consumed sources of caffeine are coffee and tea, and it [caffeine] can be harmful on your healthRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of Caffeine1094 Words   |  5 Pages Most of us fail to realize that caffeine is present in almost every drink that we consume. Most people enjoy the positive effects that caffeine does to our bodies, but have you ever thought of the negative? Caffeine is a stimulant to the central nervous system and the regular use of it can cause a mild physical dependence. With a dependence being shown I strongly do believe that caffeine is just as addictive as any other drug. Over 90 percent of the United States consumes caffeinated beverages

Sustainable Development Goals Bio Therapies â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Sustainable Development Goals Bio Therapies? Answer: Introduction The current management focuses on the concept of strategic marketing and management strategies which determines the positioning o the company within the global market. For the current assignment, CSL had been taken into consideration, which is a biotherapeutic company. The company aims at designing innovative strategies which helps in designing life saving technologies for the betterment of mankind. The assignment takes into consideration a number of objectives such as running a background analysis of the company, pricing of the products and services, marketing strategies adopted by the company for promotion of the products. The distribution channels as well as stakeholder analysis form other important components. In this context, a marketing mix had been applied in order to analyse the competitive positioning of the organization within the current biopharma market. The 4 Ps analysis is based upon product, price, place, promotion, which helps in competitor analysis. A swot analysis had been further conducted to evaluate the strategic positioning of the organization. Background of the company The CSL is a global multispecialty biotherapeutics company with a number of operational units across the globe such as Australia, Germany, Switzerland, UK and US. The company produces a wide range of products using the plasma derived from the blood. The plasma is then treated and processed further to generate a number of life saving drugs. In the year 2015, the company joined hand with Novartis to create seqirus, the second largest influenza vaccine company in the world (Lii et al. 2013). Some of the sustainable practices of the company can be highlighted over here which helps in the development of an economic and environmental balance for the company. The social benefits offered by the company have been covered under the Corporate Social Responsibility of the company. The company offers a global economic contribution of US$32.8 million towards local, patient and biomedical communities (cslbehring, 2017). The organization contributes a global sum of US$466 million across 40 worldwide clinical centres for research and development. The organization also maintains some of its environmental concerns by conducting an enterprise wide climate change risk assessment. The company strictly follows the confederations provided by the United Nations Intergovernmental panel on Climate change (IPCC). The company has a vast customer base depending upon increase in the number health concerns globally. The CSL Company markets plasma derived and recombinant therapies worldwide. The recombinant therapies help in provision of new and innovative technologies which helps in treating the serious and life staking conditions of customers across the globe (cslbehring, 2017).The CSL Limited faces a number of challenges from its similar market players or competitors which could be further analysed with the help of a STP analysis that is segmentation targeting and positioning. STP analysis: Attributes CSL Lipotek Cynata Segmentation Manufacturing and marketing plasma derived recombinant Marketing nanovaccines based on recombinant proteins Stem cell and regenerative medicine company Targeting Medicine and Pharma industries , prescription products Research and development along with phrama products Surgical use for treating patients with serious impairments Positioning Develop life saving drugs Provides more alternative recombinant medical interventions Helps in facilitating transplants and regeneration Table 1: STP Analysis (Source: Author) Marketing mix The tool of marketing mix is one of the widely used techniques in making marketing plan of an organization, which uses various parameters like price, promotion and place along with the description of the products as the source of information (Steenkamp 2017). The policies of the marketing mix are decided according to the marketing objectives of business organization. It is also essential to note that sustainability of an organization is dependent upon the policies that are implemented according to the marketing mix parameters (Hanssens et al. 2014). For example, it is essential for the organization implement effective pricing strategy,which will ensure better sustainability of the product in the respective market. Product vs. Sustainability It is essential for the company to provide detailed description of the product, which will help them to provide information to the customers. The product line for CSL limited includes all types of vaccines that are essential in the cases of saving the life of patients. These vaccines are used as a source of improving the immunity and thereby help in disease prevention. Other product line of the company includes plasma derived therapies, anti venom, Diagnostic products and all types of Pharmaceuticals. Few of the major products in each of the product line are described here: Plasma Derived Therapies: Albumex: This is a critical care product, which is used auditing patients with low volume of blood. This is mainly used during the time of lung bypass surgery, where there is huge amount of blood loss among the patients. Biostate: This type of product is used for coagulation disorders, where the patient is suffering from disease like hemophilia. This helps to elevate the level of factor VIII,which is depleted in case of hemophilia A. Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin-VF: This is an immunotherapy product that is used to prevent infections disease like Hepatitis B. This is mainly usedto prevent the occurring of the disease among suspected individuals. Vaccines: This range of products includes various types of vaccines, which are used to incorporate among individuals are various ages that is needed in order to prevent occurring of disease. Most of the vaccinesthat are sold by CSL Limited aremainly for children below 10 years old. The company also sells few of the newly discovered vaccines, which are used in the prevention of critical diseases like cancer (Csl.com.au, 2017). Afluria Quad: This vaccine is used for preventing influenza in person above 18 years old. Gardasil: This vaccine is used for prevention of critical diseases like vaginal and anal cancer. Pharmaceuticals Acarizax: This is an immunotherapy pharmaceutical product, which is used in the treatment of dust mite respiratory allergy. Caldolor: This is one of the widely used Pharmaceutical products in the Australian medical industry, which is used for neuropathic pain, which is associated with previous herpes zoster infection. Anti venom CSL Limited is also popular for various kinds of anti venom, which are highly popular in the medical industry. The company has invested hugely in the research and development of various types of anti venoms for the toxic that are secreted from the snakes and spiders (Csl.com.au, 2017). All the above mentioned products are sold under the brand name of CSL, which provides them with some unique identity and recognition in the biotech and pharmaceutical industry. It is essential for the company to provide detailed description of all the Pharmaceutical and biotic products, which is necessary in understanding the importance of each of those products that are implemented in each case (Csl.com.au, 2017). All the products of CSL Limited,which are sold into the pharmaceutical industry, are reported to have wide range of application in various medical purposes. Some of the critical drugs that are sold by the company have been reported to have extreme use during the time of medical emergency. Most of the healthcare organizations in the Australian health care industry are dependent on the products of CSL limited. This will help in the sustainability of various products of the company. The company has to bring about regular changes in the manufacturing process of the Pharmaceutical product, which can help to deal with all types of new challenges related to the use of the new challenges in the medical industry. Proper quality checking procedures also need to be maintained within the company, before each category of products is being released in the market. With each range of products that are released in the market, it is essential for CSL limited to ensure its sustainability that can be ob tained with the help of regular monitoring of the products (Tollin and Christensen 2017). Price vs. Sustainability Pricing is one of the important criteria all the marketing policies, which is decided based on the quality of the product and the groups of the target customers (Hanssens et al. 2014). Due to the nature of the product that are sold by CSL, it is essential to have high level of pricing of the products, which can help them to produce high and safe quality of safe products that can help in the process of dealing with materials related to critical disease in the healthcare. It is relevant to mention in this context that with the rise of competition in the Biotech and pharmaceutical industries of Australia it is essential for in the Biotech and pharmaceutical industries of Australia it is essential for CGL limited to maintain the price at competitive level, which will help the company to maintain sustainability and survive for longer periods. There are various internal and external factors, which decide upon the prices of the products. The price of the raw materials in the form of chemicals that are needed in the manufacturing procedures of pharmaceuticals and Biotech products can hugely vary. This is mainly due to the fact that, there are limited numbers of suppliers. In order to maintain sustainability with the pricing strategies, it is essential for the company to regularly update the price of the product according to the changes that occurred in the pharmaceutical industry. It is also one of the ethical duty of the company do not use any poor quality of materials in the manufacturing process that can help them to gain unfair competitive advantage. Nevertheless, it is essential for the company to keep the pricing of the products at nominal level, which can be afforded by people of all section for getting their treatment. Promotion vs. Sustainability The promotional strategies are one of the essential parts of the marketing activities that are carried out by all business organizations (Mintz and Currim 2013). Due to the increase level of competition in the pharmaceuticals and Biotech industries of Australia, it is essential for CGL Limited to implement innovative techniques of promotion that can help them to reach out to target groups of customers. It is essential to ensure that most of the products CGL Limited are mainly used in Healthcare industry. Hence, it is essential for the company to ensure that the promotional strategies that are being implemented can reach out to the stakeholders of Healthcare organizations. In order to maintain sustainability in this context, it is essential for the company to analyze the external social economical and political scenario, which can help them to decide upon the future promotional strategies. The company also has to collect updated information related to the Pharmaceutical and Biotech industry, which can help them to bring about changes in the respective industry. It is also essential to use different forms of medium, which can be used by the company to communicate with the target clients. This is also one of the effective ways that can be used to maintain sustainability within the industry. Distribution vs. Sustainability The area of operation for CSL Limited includes all parts of Australia and in other Nations including Hong Kong, United States and in many nations of Europe including UK. There are different manufacturing facilities along with research and development team in almost all the Nations, where the business operation range of the company is expanded. The company mainly sells their products through distribution strategies and assistance of medical representatives. It is also possible for the client to directly approach the company and place order for all types of Pharmaceuticals and therapeutic products. The company has also expanded its range of distribution through the help of ecommerce business, where it is possible for the clients replace online order. Distribution through online chain needs to be enhanced in the future, which can help the company to maintain sustainability and thereby able to expand their range of distribution channel (Wirtz and Lovelock 2016). Comparison to rivals A marketing mix could be used for the comparison of the CSL limited with its partners. Some of its potential partners are the Cynata therapeutics and the Lipotek Pvt. Ltd. The organizations belonging to the similar area of biotherapeutics the segmentation, targeting and positioning of the organizations are more or less the same. This brings about competitions between the rival companies regrading profit making and reaching out to the maximum number of target customers. For comparison to the rivals a 4P analysis has been done in order to evaluate the differences present within the strategic marketing policies of the companies. Marketing mix factors CSL Lipotek Cynata therapeutics Product Blood plasma derived recombinant biopharma products Recombinant protein vaccines Cell culture media , cell separation systems, instruments and other reagents for use in life sciences research Pricing Cost effective Competitive Economical Promotion Organizational magazines and product catalogues Promotion through distributor channels Advertisement with product description in leading newspapers Place Covers wide section of audiences across the globe Covers the Australian pharma market specifically Caters to the Australian large audiences only Recommendations A number of recommendations might be suggested for the improvement of the marketing and promotional strategies of the company. The 4Ps of marketing can be developed further for meeting with the strategic marketing policies of the company. One of the main challenges faced within the present context is from the pricing policies. The stringent pricing often limits the sale of the products which might affect the business and marketing policies of the company. The promotional strategies also serve as an important parameter. In the current context, the CSL Limited uses the magazines and catalogues of the company for generating product awareness within the target customer segment. On the contrary, comparing with one of its competitors, the cynata therapeutics, which uses leading newspapers for educating the target audiences about the products and benefits, can act in favour of the organization (cynata, 2017). Additionally, the company should also come out with more economical and generic medicines for meeting with the serious health requirements of the Australian rural sector. References Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M. and Brennan, R., (2015). Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education. Csl.com.au. (2017). CSL Ltd products provide treatment of serious medical conditions. [online] Available at: https://www.csl.com.au/products/product-finder.htm [Accessed 24 Sep. 2017]. cslbehring (2017), cslbehring , available at : https://www.cslbehring.com/newsroom/Corporate- Responsibility-Report-(2014) [Accessed on 23 Sep. (2017)] cynata (2017), cynata , Available at : https://cynata.com/aboutus/ [Accessed on 23 Sep. (2017)] Desanvicente-Celis, Z., Caro-Moreno, J., Enciso-Zuluaga, M. and Anaya, J.M., (2013). Similar biotherapeutic products in Latin America. Regulation and opportunities for patients with autoimmune diseases.Biosimilars,3, pp.1-17. Emerton, D.A., (2013). Profitability in the Biosimilars Market.BioProcess International,11(6), pp.6-14. Hanssens, D.M., Pauwels, K.H., Srinivasan, S., Vanhuele, M. and Yildirim, G., 2014. Consumer attitude metrics for guiding marketing mix decisions. Marketing Science, 33(4), pp.534-550. Lii, Y.S., Wu, K.W. and Ding, M.C., (2013). Doing good does good? Sustainable marketing of CSR and consumer evaluations. operations Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,20(1), pp.15-28. lipotek (2017), lipotek , Available at :https://www.lipotek.com.au/about/ [Accessed on 22 Sep. (2017)] Mintz, O. and Currim, I.S., 2013. What drives managerial use of marketing and financial metrics and does metric use affect performance of marketing-mix activities?. Journal of Marketing, 77(2), pp.17-40. O'Toole, P.W. and Paoli, M., (2017). The contribution of microbial biotechnology to sustainable development goals: microbiome therapies.Microbial Biotechnology. Steenkamp, J.B., 2017. Global Marketing Mix Decisions: Global Integration, Not Standardization. In Global Brand Strategy (pp. 75-109). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Tollin, K. and Christensen, L.B., 2017. Sustainability Marketing Commitment: Empirical Insights auditing its Drivers at the Corporate and Functional Level of Marketing. Journal of Business Ethics, pp.1-21. Wirtz, J. and Lovelock, C., 2016. Services marketing: People, technology, strategy. World Scientific Publishing Co Inc.

Why Was Florence Considered Important For Culture And Arts Essay Example For Students

Why Was Florence Considered Important For Culture And Arts Essay As the birthplace of the renaissance, Florence, Italy has been the innovator and contributor to humanitys freedom from the medieval time. With its various collection of arts, landmarks, and architecture, Florence, Italy has been labeled as a substantial center for culture and the arts. As an amalgam of past and present, Florence has given birth to many talented people such as Michelangelo, Leonardo DaVinci, and Donatello. With all its past preserved and shown as a living museum, many who visit are inspired by Florences alluring beauty. Florence has always been an admirer for the arts in various hues, solely due to the contributions of the Medici family in creating the grand palaces and funding monumental works of art. The Medici family dominated Florence nearly three centuries, and as the first patrons of the art, they sparked an intellectual movement in art throughout Italy and Europe. It was the Medici family who funded most of the arts during the renaissance. Art for the government, commercial, and church buildings were all contributions of the Medici family. Especially their opalaces were filled with large collection of paintings and lavishly styled neoclassical architecture influenced Italy ever since it had been created. We will write a custom essay on Why Was Florence Considered Important For Culture And Arts specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now By the 1700s, Florence was the mandatory stop for young wealthy British aristocrats for studies and purchasing of artwork. That Florence, Italy was an epitome of classical world, it was very important for young men to study its history and the arts. Soon British men were not the only people that visited Florence, but many American stepped onto the Florence soil and absolutely fell in love with the large city, luxurious hotels, villas, and mostly the beautiful view. Nathaniel Hawthorne, an American writer fell inspired at the serene view of the hill top view of Florence, in his later years wrote the book The Marble Faun. Other than literature, many unimaginable building structures emerged from Florence. These colossal buildings and structures seem almost too monumental for humans to work with. However, Florence being the birthplace of renaissance simply proved that humans were able to achieve such criterion. The Palazzo along with the Cathedral is examples of an amalgam of different architectural styles used from the past at that present time. The techniques that had been lost due to the dark ages were conjured and reused to create variety of wonderful buildings. For an example, the Cathedral had been a gargantuan challenge for many. Building a dome large enough to fit twenty thousand people was at first hopeless, but when the dome of the Cathedral was finally finished, it truly showed the length humans were able to take. From the collections of arts, to the advancement in humanity, Florence, Italy has been the foundation and the birthplace for culture and arts. Even through the pit falls of the flood and the horrible aftermath of the World War II, Florence still maintained its beauty and inspiration. Considering that Florence was able to overcome many of these challenges and impediment, it is the sole reason why Florence takes on a role as an important center for culture and the arts. Because the city was able to preserve its past and at the same time support the modern age, it acts as one of the most important center for culture and the arts. Why Was Florence Considered Important For Culture And Arts Essay Example For Students Why Was Florence Considered Important For Culture And Arts Essay As the birthplace of the renaissance, Florence, Italy has been the innovator and contributor to humanitys freedom from the medieval time. With its various collection of arts, landmarks, and architecture, Florence, Italy has been labeled as a substantial center for culture and the arts. As an amalgam of past and present, Florence has given birth to many talented people such as Michelangelo, Leonardo DaVinci, and Donatello. With all its past preserved and shown as a living museum, many who visit are inspired by Florences alluring beauty. Florence has always been an admirer for the arts in various hues, solely due to the contributions of the Medici family in creating the grand palaces and funding monumental works of art. The Medici family dominated Florence nearly three centuries, and as the first patrons of the art, they sparked an intellectual movement in art throughout Italy and Europe. It was the Medici family who funded most of the arts during the renaissance. Art for the government, commercial, and church buildings were all contributions of the Medici family. Especially their opalaces were filled with large collection of paintings and lavishly styled neoclassical architecture influenced Italy ever since it had been created. We will write a custom essay on Why Was Florence Considered Important For Culture And Arts specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now By the 1700s, Florence was the mandatory stop for young wealthy British aristocrats for studies and purchasing of artwork. That Florence, Italy was an epitome of classical world, it was very important for young men to study its history and the arts. Soon British men were not the only people that visited Florence, but many American stepped onto the Florence soil and absolutely fell in love with the large city, luxurious hotels, villas, and mostly the beautiful view. Nathaniel Hawthorne, an American writer fell inspired at the serene view of the hill top view of Florence, in his later years wrote the book The Marble Faun. Other than literature, many unimaginable building structures emerged from Florence. These colossal buildings and structures seem almost too monumental for humans to work with. However, Florence being the birthplace of renaissance simply proved that humans were able to achieve such criterion. The Palazzo along with the Cathedral is examples of an amalgam of different architectural styles used from the past at that present time. The techniques that had been lost due to the dark ages were conjured and reused to create variety of wonderful buildings. For an example, the Cathedral had been a gargantuan challenge for many. Building a dome large enough to fit twenty thousand people was at first hopeless, but when the dome of the Cathedral was finally finished, it truly showed the length humans were able to take. From the collections of arts, to the advancement in humanity, Florence, Italy has been the foundation and the birthplace for culture and arts. Even through the pit falls of the flood and the horrible aftermath of the World War II, Florence still maintained its beauty and inspiration. Considering that Florence was able to overcome many of these challenges and impediment, it is the sole reason why Florence takes on a role as an important center for culture and the arts. Because the city was able to preserve its past and at the same time support the modern age, it acts as one of the most important center for culture and the arts.

Example Cognitive Evaluation †Psychology Research Paper

Example Cognitive Evaluation – Psychology Research Paper Free Online Research Papers Example Cognitive Evaluation Psychology Research Paper Miss Alias volunteered to be evaluated in order to assist the examiner in obtaining experience and basic understanding in administering and interpreting cognitive instruments. This was a requirement for Forensic Assessment I 6705. BACKGROUND HISTORY: Miss Alias is a single 33-year-old female. She was born in the City, California and raised in an intact, upper class family of British, German, and Norwegian descent. She has one sibling, who is two years, her elder. All members of her family are highly educated with â€Å"respectable† jobs. Her father is a mechanical engineer who has a Bachelor of and Science degree in engineering. Her mother is a teacher and has a degree in home economics. Her sister is an attorney who also has a master’s degree in Library Arts and Science. Miss Alias is a high level executive in advertising who has a BS degree in Finance and Business Administration. She owns a â€Å"moderately† large house located in prestigious part of the city in which she lives. She explained that in the future she would like to be married and have a child while maintaining her career. Miss Alias stated that she was very pleased with her job. Miss Alias reported that she had a â€Å"reasonably happy childhood.† Her extracurricular activities included: Pixies, Brownies, Girl Scouts, Tap dancing, Cheerleading, Swimming, National Charity league, and Tennis. She described herself as being outgoing at an early age, always playing with the neighborhood children, and having a â€Å"large† number of friends. As a group activity her family worked on remodeling their house. She remembered she and her sister having to clean the used bricks, which left their hands raw and bloody. Miss Alias stated that at times her sister and she would feel their parents loved their house more than their children. Although she never witnessed her parents fighting, she said they were non-demonstrative towards each other. She said her parents do not believe in God, which is difficult, because she aliass. She stated that her parents view individuals who have a religious affiliation as being weak; therefore she hides her belief in God from them. Miss Alias stated that â€Å"conflicts between herself and her sister started when she arrived home from the hospital at birth.† She explained that her sister always wanted to â€Å"kill† her. Her sister hid her favorite stuffed animal, hit her, and threw heavy objects at her. Miss Alias stated that her parents’ thoughts were that â€Å"her sister could do no wrong† and would say â€Å"poor Karen what are we going to do about Karen.† Her family considered Miss Alias to be the beauty of the family and because of this, they told her she was â€Å"blessed†. Her sister was not considered beautiful and because of this Miss Alias felt guilty. Her current relationship with her sister is â€Å"better†, although Miss. Alias said she is waiting for the â€Å"other shoe to drop.† She stated that she could never trust her sister. Educational History: Miss Alias stated that in kindergarten, she had a hard time reading and spelling. Because of this her parents made her read extra books as well as memorize all the state capitals which helped her overcome this difficulty. She stated that she was forced by her mother to become right handed. Her weakest area was spelling and her strongest area was mathematics. She reported her intellectual and academic abilities as being above average. She was enrolled in advanced placement classes, graduating high school with a 4.5 GPA. She graduated from college in less than three years with a 3.0 GPA. She stated that she was an exemplary student, never receiving detention, nor ever being reprimanded in school. Work History: Miss Alias performed various odd jobs before her college years. During college, she concentrated on her studies and was fortunate to have parents who would support her without her having to work while she attended school. Upon graduation from college she obtained employment at a bank as a new accounts customer service representative. While at the bank she became acquainted with people in the modeling industry, and although she occasionally modeled she mainly became interested in becoming a scout for new talent. She thereupon withdrew from the bank and worked for a modeling agency two years as a scout. Following this, she obtained a position in an advertising agency as an account executive. The reason for this career change, according to her, is that she was not using her finance and business training, which was â€Å"going to waste.† Miss Alias rapidly rose up in the ranks in the advertising agency, to the point that she is presently holding some major accounts essentially on her own. In her present position as an account executive, Miss Alias is required to use various cognitive and intellectual capabilities, including verbal communication (holding meetings with clients and colleagues, giving presentations, talking on the phone, working on reports and developing ad campaigns). In addition, she uses her creative abilities to a great extent, as she either individually or in cooperation with coworkers develops such verbal and visual structures as advertising copy, layouts, logos, slogans, music, art and photos as well as other aspects of ad campaigns. Health History: Miss Alias was the product of a 9 1/2 month pregnancy. Birth weight was 6 pounds 4 ounces. Her birth was complicated due to the umbilical cord being wrapped around her neck two times. Aside from this complication she was healthy. Her developmental milestones were reported to be normal. Miss Alias stated that her mother might have drunk wine while carrying her. Miss Alias reported that at the age of four her sister pushed her, resulting in her â€Å"cracking her head.† She stated she was injured and required stitches. In 1988, at the age of 15, Miss Alias states she was raped by a classmate while attending a debate competition. Miss Alias reported that in 1989, at the age of 16, while intoxicated at a party, six men â€Å"violently† raped her, after the rape, she blacked out. She did not know what caused her to black out. She sought no medical treatment following this event. At the age of 18 Miss Alias reports she contacted a rape crisis counseling center. In 1992, at the age of 20, while getting out of the shower, her sister, hit her with her fists and knocked her onto the floor, she said she slightly hitting her head. She denies being injured or unconscious. In 2000, at the age of 28, she had a concussion, due to a car accident. After the accident she could not make proper sentences for approximately three days and then she reported feeling normal. She reported that she was in the backseat of her friend’s car, when the car was hit by another car, sending the car spinning. The first thing she remembered before the collision was the other car turning towards her. The first thing she remembered seeing, after the accident, was the airbag dust and crackers that were spread throughout the car. She went home, believing she was fine. Two days after the accident she was dismissed from work for the day, in order for her to see a doctor. The doctor took x-rays and told her she had a concussion and would be fine. Drug and Alcohol History: Although Miss Alias experimented with â€Å"street drugs,† during her adolescent years, at the present time, she restricts herself to moderate social drinking. She aliass not smoke cigarettes or marijuana. Physical Appearance: Miss Alias is a 33 year-old Caucasian female. She presents herself with a well groomed and fashionable appearance. She is approximately 5’ 3† with blonde hair and blue eyes. She arrived for the evaluation in casual chic attire; wearing a grey v neck tee shirt with black slacks and black high heels and carrying a black cardigan sweater. She appears clean and well groomed. BEHAVIOR OBSERVATIONS AND RESPONSE TO EVALUATION: Miss Alias was courteous and cooperative during the evaluation, but appeared at times overly nervous about the correctness of her responses. During the assessment tasks that required more creative thinking, such as Picture Completion, she was anxious to find the correct answers and looked to the examiner as to whether her responses were correct. The examiner responded that it was not a part of the assessment process to give her the answers. At times during the assessment process, Miss Alias manifested anxious behavior, especially during the timed tests. At other times she appeared indifferent. She was mostly enthusiastic and eager to perform the tasks correctly and in a timely matter. However, during the later subtests, she almost seemed numb and emotionally insensitive, perhaps from fatigue. During the assessment process, Miss Alias maintained eye contact with the examiner and seemed especially attuned to the time limits allotted during the timed tasks. During these times she looked anxiously at the examiner for some clue when the allotted time would elapse. Before each task she asked if it were timed and occasionally stated that she liked the â€Å"challenge† of being timed. Miss Alias maintained an upright posture during the session, which was neither rigid nor slack. She did not apparently tire during the assessment process until the very end. At various times during the assessment process, Miss Alias asked the examiner for particulars as to why the tests were being administered and how the results would be interpreted or applied to her case. She was extremely curious and eager to learn all that she could before, during, and after the assessment. At the end of assessment, she appeared neither anxious to leave, nor desiring to stay. She appeared tired when she stood up and left. Miss Alias commented that although she felt â€Å"stupid† at times she found the experience to be â€Å"unique, perplexing and extremely interesting.† THE EVALUATION PROCEDURES: Interview Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Third Edition (WAIS – III) Wide Range Achievement Test, Version IV (WRAT – 4) Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test – Third Edition (PPVT – III) Observation RESULTS OF EVALUATION: Intellectual Factors. Miss Alias was administered the WAIS III, which is a measure of an individual’s intellectual ability and overall cognitive capabilities. This assessment instrument is made up of 14 separate subtests that are divided into two major areas: Verbal subtests and Performance subtests. The Verbal subtests consist of tasks that involve language and logical verbal sequencing, while the Performance subtests consist of tasks that involve visual and spatial reasoning. Miss Alias completed the WAIS III in 3 hours and 37 minutes. Objective results of the WAIS – III were as follows: Scale IQ 95% Confidence Interval Percentile Rank Verbal Scale 115 110-119 84th Performance Scale 87 81-95 19th Full Scale 103 91-99 58th Factor Index 95% Confidence Interval Percentile Rank Verbal Comprehension 120 114-124 91st Perceptual Organization 93 86-101 32nd Working Memory 109 102-115 73rd Processing Speed 81 74-92 10th Scaled Percentile Corresponding Scaled Percentile Corresponding Subtest Score Rank IQ Subtest Score Rank IQ Picture Vocabulary 12 75th 110 Completion 5 5th 75 Digit Symbol- Similarities 16 (S) 98th 130 Coding 6 9th 95 Block Arithmetic 14 (S) 91st 120 Design 12 (S) 75th 110 Matrix Digit Span 9 (W) 37th 95 Reasoning 10 50th 100 Picture Information 13 84th 115 Arrangement 8 25th 90 Symbol Comprehension 11 63rd 105 Search 7 16th 85 Letter-Number Object Sequencing 12 75th 110 Assembly 8 25th 90 *(S) indicates a significant relative strength, p < .05; (W) indicates a significant relative weakness, p < .05. Miss Alias’s Full-Scale IQ is 103, which is in the Average range of intellectual ability. This score is at the 58th percentile of the general American population. Individuals in this range can be expected to perform moderate mental tasks and often may be found in non-managerial, professional career tracks. Persons having a Full-Scale IQ in this range sometimes obtain a higher education. In addition to the Full-Scale IQ, the WAIS - III also measures separate Verbal and Performance abilities. It is interesting to note there is a significant discrepancy between Miss Alias’s Verbal IQ (115) and her Performance IQ (87). Her Verbal IQ is significantly higher than her Performance IQ, which indicates a disparity between her language-related capabilities and her visual spatial capabilities. While her Verbal IQ lies at the 84th percentile, her Performance IQ is at the 19th percentile. These scores indicate that Miss Alias scores within the top 16% of the general American population (in the High Average range) in her verbal ability, and within the Low Average range, 19th percentile, on her non-verbal ability. The WAIS - III also provides four Indexes that measure ability clusters. These include the Verbal Comprehension Index, Perceptual Organization Index, Working Memory Index and Processing Speed Index. The Verbal Comprehension Index is a good measure of language ability and language-related intellectual capacity. On this Index, Miss Alias’s score is 120, which indicates that she is in the top 9% of the general American population. This score is in the Superior range. Miss Alias’s second highest Index score is in the Working Memory Index 109, which is at the 73rd percentile. This score is in the Average range. This score indicates that Miss Alias has an Average short-term memory capacity for learning either verbal or numeric information. On the Perceptual Organizational Index, Miss Alias had a score of 93, which is considered in the Average range and lies at the 32nd percentile. This result indicates that Miss Alias’s perceptual abilities, in such areas such as sp atial reasoning, is substantially below her verbal abilities. Furthermore, Miss Alias scored 81 on the Processing Speed Index in the Low Average range (at the 10th percentile). This result indicates that Miss Alias’s cognitive abilities appeared to be slowed in a way that aliass not match her high verbal capacities. Miss Alias’s strengths and weaknesses can be most effectively evaluated by examining three sets of data: her IQ scores, her Index scores and her Subtests scores. First, in evaluating her IQ scores there is a discrepancy between her Verbal IQ and her Performance IQ of 28 points. Miss Alias’s verbal intellectual capacities are much higher than her performance intellectual capacities with a difference that is significant at the .05 alpha level. This difference might indicate certain weaknesses related to abilities measured by the Performance Scale or might indicate an organic or functional disorder. In terms of Miss Alias’s Indices, her Verbal Comprehension Index is far higher than the other Indices, which include Working Memory Index, Perceptual Organization Index and Processing Speed Index. The most striking difference is a Superior score on Verbal Comprehension Index as compared with Low Average performance on Processing Speed Index. This discrepancy indicates that Miss Alias’s verbal comprehension and expression are in the Superior range as well as her nonverbal reasoning ability involving visual stimuli and concrete materials. Conversely, on tasks that emphasize non-verbal reasoning ability as well as tests that require visceral motor processing speed Miss Alias falls within the average general population. These results are perplexing when taken into account that she has a college degree and works in a high level managerial position. To further clarify the discrepancies in her results the subtest scores will be examined. On such subscales as Vocabulary, Similarities, Information, Arithmetic and Letter Number Sequencing Miss Alias scored in the Very Superior, Superior or High Average range. These results indicate that Miss Alias’s concentration on computational skill sequencing, verbal information and language related abilities are on a level that is equivalent to her professional capacities. She especially aliass well on verbal tasks that require information. However, on verbal tasks that require short term memory such as Digit Span and Comprehension she falls within the Average range. The results from the verbal subscales seem to indicate that Miss Alias’s capacities are most pronounced when processing speed or short-term memory are not involved in the task. While looking at the Performance subtests, Miss Alias scores in the Low Average range and Borderline range on such subtests as Picture Completion and Symbol Search. The tasks involved in these subtests require short-term visual memory, concentration, attention and a person’s ability to pick out essential from nonessential details, as well as visio-spatial reasoning abilities. The subtests that are most markedly low involve processing speed assignments, on such tasks Miss Alias performs poorly. She scored in the Average range in Matrix Reasoning, Picture Arrangement, and Digit Symbol Coding. The only Performance scale subtest that Miss Alias performed in the High Average range was Block Design. Objective results of the PVVT – III were as follows: Chr. Age Raw Score Standard Score Percentile Rank N.C. Equiv. Stanine Age Equiv. 33-1 166 88 21st 33 3 17-01 Miss Alias was administered the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test - Third Edition which is a test that measures receptive verbal ability. Her scores on this measure are well below her age mates. Miss Alias scored at the 75th percentile on the WAIS – III Verbal Comprehension Index in contrast to her score in the 21st percentile on the PVVT – III. This suggests that Miss Alias’s expressive appears to be more advanced then her receptive vocabulary. Achievement Factors. Objective results of the WRAT IV were as follows: Subtest Standard Score Percentile Word Reading 103 58th Sentence Comprehension 107 68th Spelling 107 68th Math Computation 116 86th Reading Composite 103 58th The Wide Range Achievement Test IV is incorporated in the test battery administered to Miss Alias to provide a more diverse base of assessment, that is helpful in evaluating for possible educational and or vocational strengths and weaknesses that might impact personal, educational, and or vocational goals. The WRAT IV is a norm referenced test that measures academic skills. The assessment included subsets such as Word Reading, Sentence Comprehension, Spelling, and Math Computation for individuals between 5 and 94 years old. The Word Reading component is an estimate of letter and word decoding skills that are measured through letter identification and word recognition. The Sentence Comprehension subtest is an assessment of an individual's ability to comprehend meaning, ideas, and information contained in sentences using a cloze technique. The Spelling subtest is an estimate of an individual's ability to encode verbal information into written format. The Math Computation subtest is an overall assessment of mathematics ability regarding oral and written materials. The results of Miss Alias’s WRAT IV assessment indicate an average intellectual ability in verbal and a high average in number related skills. Her subtests scores on Word Reading, Sentence Comprehension, Spelling and Reading Composite are within the average range of ability that indicates the verbal intellectual abilities of the average college student. Her highest subtest score was in Math Computation which indicated a better ability to handle numerical information and calculations. The score comparisons between the subtests do not indicate a marked discrepancy between the various achievement abilities measured by the WRAT IV. Moreover, the results of the WRAT IV for Miss Alias do not indicate any significant cognitive weaknesses and or learning disorders, they fit the profile of an average college educated adult. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS: The overall results from this assessment indicate an inconsistent profile of an average learner who may suffer cognitive and or organic deficits that may impair the consistency of her performance. This inconsistent profile can be exemplified by Miss Alias’s Low Average performance on the Peabody compared with her Very Superior performance on the Similarities subtest of the WAIS -III. In addition a marked inconsistency can be seen by comparing the profiles obtained of the examinee on the WAIS - III and the WRAT - IV. On the WAIS - III Miss Alias performed in the High Average range on tasks that emphasized verbal reasoning, arithmetic and informational tasks. However, in tests that involved nonverbal visio spatial manipulations, creative thinking, working memory and processing speed, Miss Alias’s scores were below the majority of individuals in her age group. Her scores on the WRAT – IV, however, indicate a consistent profile of an average learner and a well-ba lanced ability to deal with information, both verbal and numerical. The keys to this inconsistency may be within both Miss Alias’s results on the PVVT–III and in her low scores on the WAIS - III for both Performance IQ and Processing Speed Index. Miss Alias’s Low Average performance on the PVVT–III (21st percentile), when compared with her results for the Verbal subtests on the WAIS - III and in her Verbal subtests scores for the WRAT IV might indicate either memory or processing problems. Miss Alias’s apparent deficits in slowness of processing speed and short-term memory performance may be due to possible brain damage, as her history indicates that she suffered a concussion six years ago and lost her ability to form sentences for a short time. There may have been a residual amount of damage that resulted from the accident, as well as other reported head â€Å"impacts.† Furthermore, these deficits may be caused by either attention deficits, anxiety or the psychological residue experienced in past years, an attention deficit disorder might account for the inconsistency between Miss Alias’s test scores on these assessments as it would explain the discrepancy between her ability and her performance. Perhaps during certain assessments administered by this examiner Miss Alias faltered because of distractions or lack of attention. In addition, the fact that Miss Alias experienced being raped by six men could lead to post-traumatic stress disorder that might manifest in an inability to focus on a given task. RECOMMENDATIONS: Considering the results of this evaluation, the following recommendations are suggested: 1. It is recommended that Miss Alias undergo a full neurological examination that can determine whether her deficits may be due to organic brain damage or some other neurological deficit. 2. Because the Picture Completion subtest from the WAIS – III is so substantially than all other abilities, it is recommended that Miss Alias undergoes a complete physical examination by a physician to determine if she suffers from any vision impairments, nutritional deficits, physical illness or disease. Low scores on this subtest may reflect vision difficulties, alertness to the environment, field dependence/independence and visual acuity. 3. It is also recommended that she is further assessed for attention deficit disorder and or post-traumatic stress disorder due to her lower score in the Symbol Search subtest from the WAIS – III. Low scores on this subtest may reflect attention span, concentration, distract ability, visual acuity, verbal elaboration, visual elaboration, planning, reflectivity/impulsivity or ability to perform under time pressure. 4. To address Miss Alias’s processing difficulties, it may be helpful for Miss Alias to use mnemonic aids and verbal mediation strategies. Research Papers on Example Cognitive Evaluation - Psychology Research PaperPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoThree Concepts of PsychodynamicStandardized TestingCapital Punishment19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraHip-Hop is Art